Environmental Health: the first five years

Noise an Environmental Pollutant

The harmful effect of the noise on human health has been known for many decades and it's first harmful effect on the hearing came to be known in the year 1831. According to the nature of the work, this di- sease was called Boiler Maker's deafness.  Noise due to the industrial machineries is one of the main cause of Environmental Poliution, and among the different industreis, Textile industry i...

Disability-Adjusted life Years for Congenital anomalies among infants under five years: Why Do Socioeconomic Determinants Matter?

Objectives: Congenital anomalies include a range of functional or structural disorders that can occur as a single or a group of defects. Studies show that socioeconomic factors can affect the health status of societies considerably. Lower socioeconomic status may limit access to healthcare and contrarily increase the probability of risk factors of health among a population. Accordingly, the mid...

Reflections on Health Workforce Development; Comment on “Health Professional Training and Capacity Strengthening Through International Academic Partnerships: The First Five Years of the Human Resources for Health Program in Rwanda”

This commentary addresses the statement that “the authors believe that the HRH [Human Resources for Health] Program can serve as a model for other initiatives that seek to address the shortage of qualified health professionals in low-income countries and strengthen the long-term capacity of local academic institutions.” I adopt the position of the devil’s advocate and ask whether a country, wit...

Productivity costs and years of potential life lost associated with five leading causes of death: Evidence from Iran (2006-2010)

Background: Economic burden due to premature mortalities is significant both on health system and on the society as a whole. This study aimed to determine the productivity costs and years of potential life lost associated with five leading causes of death in Iran from 2006 to 2010.   Methods: Data on mortality by sex and age-groups due to five main leading causes of death   (m...

Causes of Mortality during the First Five Years of Life, Yazd City, Iran (2005-2008)

Deaths in children under 5 years in Iran

Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if current age-specific mortality rates be continued. Under-5 mortality, a Millennium Development Goal indicator, is a leading indicator of child health and overall development. This indicator measures child survival. It also, reflects the social, economic and environmental conditions i...